The Development of Physiotherapy Education in Malaysia: Historical and Challenges

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the development of physiotherapy education in Malaysia over the past four decades. It chronicles the transition from overseas training to the establishment of local programs, beginning with the Ministry of Health's School of Physiotherapy in 1974, followed by the introduction of diploma and bachelor's degree programs in public universities such as UKM and UiTM. The expansion into postgraduate education and the emergence of private institutions since 2005 have further diversified the educational landscape. Despite these advancements, the sector faces significant challenges, including shortages of qualified faculty, limited clinical placements, regulatory issues, and concerns over graduate employability. The article highlights the need for pedagogical reforms, curriculum updates, and innovative clinical education models to align with evolving healthcare demands. Emphasis is placed on enhancing clinical reasoning skills, integrating digital technologies, and fostering work-ready graduates through strategic leadership and quality assurance mechanisms.